Research antibodies

Primary Antibodies

Browse research-use primary antibodies by target, host species, clonality, species reactivity, application, conjugation, immunogen, and validation details. Find monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for ELISA, Western blot, IHC, IF, IP, and flow cytometry.

Monoclonal · Polyclonal Rabbit · Mouse · Goat · Rat host ELISA · WB · IHC · IF · Flow

Primary Antibody Search Toolbar

Search by target, host species, clonality, reactivity, application, or catalog number.

Search by target, host species, clonality, reactivity, application, conjugation, or catalog number.

Antibody Discovery

Choose primary antibodies by how researchers actually compare them

Primary antibodies are usually selected by target specificity, host species, clonality, species reactivity, validated application, and antibody format. This board organizes those decision points in a practical way.

Featured Catalog

Primary antibody examples

Display primary antibodies with the key technical signals researchers check first: target, host, clonality, reactivity, application, and conjugation status.

Rabbit mAb
AE-AB-CD3-RM

Anti-CD3 Primary Antibody

Primary antibody for T-cell marker research and antibody-based detection workflows.

HostRabbit
ClonalityMonoclonal
ReactivityHuman / Mouse
ApplicationIHC, IF, WB
Mouse mAb
AE-AB-ACTB-MM

Anti-Beta Actin Primary Antibody

Common loading control antibody for Western blot and cellular protein analysis.

HostMouse
ClonalityMonoclonal
ReactivityHuman / Mouse / Rat
ApplicationWB, ELISA
Rabbit pAb
AE-AB-IL6-RP

Anti-IL-6 Primary Antibody

Primary antibody for cytokine research, immunoassay development, and detection studies.

HostRabbit
ClonalityPolyclonal
ReactivityHuman
ApplicationELISA, WB
Goat pAb
AE-AB-VEGF-GP

Anti-VEGF Primary Antibody

Antibody for angiogenesis, cancer biomarker, and growth factor research workflows.

HostGoat
ClonalityPolyclonal
ReactivityHuman / Rat
ApplicationELISA, IHC
Rabbit mAb
AE-AB-HSP70-RM

Anti-HSP70 Primary Antibody

Primary antibody for heat shock protein and stress-response pathway research.

HostRabbit
ClonalityMonoclonal
ReactivityHuman / Mouse
ApplicationWB, IF, Flow
?

Looking for a specific target?

Send the target name, gene symbol, host preference, application, and required species reactivity. We can help identify a suitable primary antibody.

Request antibody support →
Selection Matrix

How to choose the right primary antibody

Primary antibody selection should follow a clear technical path: define the target, confirm the host and clonality, check species reactivity, then match the antibody to the validated application.

01

Target specificity

Start with the protein name, gene symbol, antigen, biomarker, or pathway target. Check whether the antibody recognizes the correct isoform or epitope when available.

02

Host species and clonality

Choose between rabbit, mouse, goat, rat, or other host species. Select monoclonal, polyclonal, or recombinant format according to reproducibility and assay needs.

03

Species reactivity

Confirm whether the antibody reacts with human, mouse, rat, bovine, canine, rabbit, or other target species used in the experiment.

04

Validated application

Match the antibody to the intended method: ELISA, Western blot, IHC, IF, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, or neutralization.

Key comparison points

Monoclonal antibody

Single clone, defined epitope, high consistency between batches.

Polyclonal antibody

Multiple epitopes, often useful for strong signal and flexible detection.

Unconjugated antibody

Flexible for multiple detection systems using secondary antibodies.

Conjugated antibody

Directly labeled with HRP, AP, biotin, FITC, PE, or other detection tags.

Application Guide

Match the primary antibody to the right application

A primary antibody may work well in one method and not in another. Always check the validated application, sample preparation, detection system, and recommended dilution before selecting an antibody.

Primary
Antibody
WB

Western Blot

Check expected molecular weight, band specificity, reducing conditions, dilution range, and positive control lysate.

IHC

Immunohistochemistry

Confirm tissue compatibility, antigen retrieval method, fixation type, staining pattern, and species reactivity.

IF

Immunofluorescence

Review cellular localization, fixation conditions, fluorescence detection, and secondary antibody compatibility.

EL

ELISA

Check whether the antibody is suitable for coating, detection, capture antibody screening, or immunoassay development.

FC

Flow Cytometry

Confirm cell-surface or intracellular staining suitability, fluorophore compatibility, clone performance, and sample preparation.

IP

Immunoprecipitation

Check native protein recognition, binding strength, lysis conditions, bead compatibility, and downstream analysis method.

FAQ

Primary antibodies FAQ

Clear answers for researchers comparing primary antibodies by target, host, clonality, species reactivity, application, conjugation, and validation data.

How do I choose the right primary antibody?

Choose a primary antibody by confirming the target, host species, clonality, species reactivity, validated application, immunogen, conjugation status, storage buffer, and available validation data. The antibody should match your experimental method, such as ELISA, Western blot, IHC, IF, IP, or flow cytometry.

What is the difference between monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies?

Monoclonal antibodies are produced from a single clone and usually recognize one defined epitope, which supports consistency and specificity. Polyclonal antibodies recognize multiple epitopes and may provide stronger signal or broader detection in some applications.

What antibody information should I check before ordering?

Check the target name, host species, clonality, clone number when available, isotype, reactivity, application, conjugation, immunogen, purification method, storage conditions, recommended dilution, and whether datasheet or validation data are available.

Can primary antibodies be used in ELISA?

Some primary antibodies are suitable for ELISA, but not all antibodies validated for WB, IHC, or IF are automatically suitable for ELISA. Check whether the antibody is validated for ELISA or immunoassay development before use.

Can I request datasheets, CoA, SDS, or availability?

Yes. You can request datasheets, certificates of analysis, SDS documents, quotation, availability, lead time, bulk pricing, and technical information. Include the product name, catalog number, target, host, application, and required size.

Antibody Support

Need help finding a primary antibody?

Send the target name, gene symbol, host preference, species reactivity, application, clonality, conjugation needs, and required size. Antibody ELISA can help you request quotation, datasheet, CoA, SDS, availability, and technical information.

Request Antibody Support →